Constituent Assembly

•  1935: INC officially called for a constituent assembly to frame a constitution for India.

1938: Nehru Made a Statement regarding the Constitution

1940: August Offer Accepted the Demand

a constituent assembly was established under the provisions of the Cabinet Mission plan.

Composition

• Constituted in 1946
• 389: 296 For British India and 93 For Princely States

Dr. BR Ambedkar

Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar

Born: April 14, 1891

Died: December 6, 1956 (Dehli)

• Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly
• Article 32: Soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it

Events

1923: Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha

1930: Temple Entry Movement (Kalaram Temple, Nasik)

1930-32: Attended all the Round Table Conferences

1932: Poona Pact

1936: Independent Labour Party

1947: Law Minister

1951: Resigned

1956: Became a Buddhist (Nagpur)

1990: Bharat Ratna

1990-91: Year of Social Justice

Important Works 

• Mook Nayak (weekly-1920)
• Janta (Weekly-1930)
• The Annihilation of Caste 1936
• The Untouchables 1948
• Buddha or Karl Marx 1956

Book

• The Budhha and His Dhamma

“Man is mortal.  Everyone has to die some day or the other. But one must resolve to lay down one's life in enriching the noble ideals of self-respect and in bettering one's human life...  Nothing is more disgraceful for a brave man than to live life devoid of self-respect.” 

Group of Seven (G7)

 Countries

1. United States of America
2. Canada
3. United  Kingdom (UK)
4. France
5. Italy
6. Germany
7. Japan
8. Russia

2022 Summit: Schloss Elmau, Germany

United Nations Security Council (UNSC)

• established by the UN Charter in 1945.
• Council HQ at New York

 The six principal organs of the United Nations.

1. UNSC
2. the General Assembly (UNGA)
3. the Trusteeship Council
4. the Economic and Social Council,
5. the International Court of Justice
6. the Secretariat

United Nations Security Council (UNSC)

• 15 members
• 5 permanent (UK, US, Russia, France, China)
• 10 non-permanent (2 Yr)
• Presidency rotates every month

Volcano Eruption

Mauna Loa, the world’s largest active volcano, erupted after 38 years on Sunday (November 27), spewing ash and debris, and covering the night sky of Hawaii’s Big Island in an incandescent red hue.

Famous volcanoes in the world

1. Krakatoa, Indonesia
2. Mount Vesuvius, Italy
3. Mount Fuji, Japan
4. Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland
5. Kīlauea, Hawaii
6. Mount St Helens, USA

Indus Water Treaty

 

Governor

Article 164

• The CM shall be appointed by the Governor
• The other Ministers shall be appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister
• CM and Minister shall hold office during the pleasure of the Governor 

In Addition

Red Sand dunes of Vizag

• Erra Matti Dibbalu
• geo-heritage site by GIS in 2014
• other places Tamil Nadu, Visakhapatnam, and Sri Lanka

Kangar Valley National Park

• Bastar region of Chhattisgarh
• Deciduous type of forest
• Bastar Maina 

MGNREGA

• It provides a legal guarantee for 100 days of unskilled manual employment in every financial year of any rural household.
• Funded by the Central government
• Social Audit has to be done by the Gram Sabha

Kashi Tamil Sangamam

•  IIT Madras and Banaras Hindu University (BHU) is the venue for the one-month-long Kashi Tamil Sangamam
• Ministry of Education
• Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
• Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat

Pandya King

• King Parakrama
• 15th Century
• Madurai
• Kasi Vishwanath Temple in Tamil Nadu

The Competition Act, 2002

• It should be noted that on the recommendations of the Raghavan committee, the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act) was repealed and replaced by the Competition Act, 2002.
• The Competition Act, 2002, as amended by the Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007
• In accordance with the provisions of the Amendment Act, the Competition Commission of India and the Competition Appellate Tribunal have been established
• he government of India replaced Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT) with the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) in 2017.
• The provisions of the Competition Act relating to anti-competitive agreements and abuse of dominant position were notified on May 20, 2009

Source: The Indian Express

Competition Commission of India

• It is a quasi-judicial body.
• within the Ministry of Corporate Affairs
• established to enforce the competition law under the Competition Act, 2002
• recommendations of the Raghavan committee, the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act) was repealed and replaced by the Competition Act, 2002.

Commission consists of a Chairperson and not more than 6 Members appointed by the Central Government.

VISION 

To promote and sustain an enabling competition culture through engagement and enforcement that would inspire businesses to be fair, competitive, and innovative; enhance consumer welfare, and support economic growth.

MISSION

 The Competition Commission of India aims to establish a robust competitive environment through:

• Proactive engagement with all stakeholders, including consumers, industry, government, and international jurisdictions.
• Being a knowledge-intensive organization with high competence level.
• Professionalism, transparency, resolve, and wisdom in enforcement.

Source: The Indian Express

ChatGPT: The AI Chatbot

• Developed by OpenAI 
• ChatGPT is based on GPT-3.5, a language model that uses deep learning to produce human-like text

Agroforestry

• known as 'social forestry'
• aims at achieving a more ecologically diverse and socially productive output from the land than is possible through conventional agriculture

Great Indian Bustard

• Found mainly in Rajasthan and Gujarat
• Critically endangered by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

Why Critically Endangered??

• Transmission Lines

Conservation Efforts

• The SC in April 2021 ordered: Underground Transmission Line

Election Commission of India

Appointment

• By President 
• 6 years tenure or up to the age of 65 Years whichever is earlier
• Same salary as judges of the SC of India

Article 324

•  The powers of  “superintendence, direction, and control of elections” is to be vested in an Election Commission.

Size

• not fixed by the constitution

Article 324(2) says that “the Election Commission shall consist of the Chief Election Commissioner and a such number of other Election Commissioners if any, as the President may from time to time fix”.

All three ECs have equal say in the decision-making of the Commission.

Emissions Gap Report 2022

• United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) 
• Titled ‘Emissions Gap Report 2022: The Closing Window — Climate Crisis Calls For Rapid Transformation of Societies’

The world is falling short of the goals set forth in the Paris Climate Agreement adopted in 2015, and no credible pathway is currently in place to restrict global warming to under 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.

Governor

• Under Articles 155 and 156 of the Constitution, a Governor is appointed by the President and holds office “during the pleasure of the President”.
• The Governor can be appointed and removed by the central government.
• Article 163 of the Constitution says the Governor will normally be aided and advised by the Council of Ministers except in those functions which require his discretion.

United Nations Climate Change Framework Convention (UNFCCC)

• The Conference of Parties (COP) is the apex decision-making body

• UNFCCC was formed in 1994

• To stabilize greenhouse gas emissions and to protect the earth from the threat of climate change

• COP Presidency rotates among the five recognized UN regions

COP27

• Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt

Air Quality Index (AQI)

• The color-coded AQI index was launched in India in 2014.
• Launched by the central government in 2014 as part of the Swachh Bharat campaign.
• a technical study was awarded to IIT Kanpur. 
• IIT Kanpur and the Expert Group recommended an AQI scheme.
• The pollutants measured include PM 10, PM 2.5, Nitrogen Dioxide, Ozone, Carbon, etc.

There are six categories of AQI, namely 

1. ‘Good’ (0-50), 
2. ‘Satisfactory’ (50-100),
3.  ‘Moderately polluted’ (100-200),
4.  ‘Poor’ (200-300), 
5. ‘Very Poor’ (300-400), and 
6. ‘Severe’ (400-500).

Source: Indian Express

Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA)

• To regulate the acceptance and utilization of foreign contribution 

Provision

• To open a bank account for the receipt of foreign funds in the State Bank of India, Delhi.
• To utilize those funds only for the purpose for which they have been received, and as stipulated in the Act.
• They must not transfer the funds to another NGO.

Registration

• apply online
• MHA makes inquiries through the Intelligence Bureau 
• The MHA is required to approve or reject the application within 90 days.
• FCRA registration is valid for five years.
• NGOs are expected to apply for renewal within six months of the date of expiry of registration.

Cancellation

• violation of the Act
• Once the registration of an NGO is canceled, it is not eligible for re-registration for three years.
• All orders of the government can be challenged in the High Court.

Add on

• https://iassaheb.blogspot.com/2022/06/fcra.html

Source: The Indian Express

Rape Cases

 

Source:  The Indian Express

Carbon Dating

• Carbon-14 (C-14) isotopes of carbon with an atomic mass of 14
• Ratio of C-12 to C-14
• C-12 is stable

Not Applicable 

• Non-living things

Kamikaze drones

• Iran
• Used in Ukraine  

 Countries have such drones

• US
• Russia, 
• China, 
• Israel, 
• Iran and 
• Turkey

Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM)

• Ministry of Defence
• INS Arihant: 1st indigenous Strategic Strike Nuclear Submarine
• Test: Bay of Bengal

Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM)

• K family of missiles
• Developed by DRDO
• Code named after Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

Draft Telecommunication Bill 2022

• India: 2nd largest telecom market
• 100% FDI in the sector
• Department of Telecom

An asteroid sample

• NASA OSIRIS-REx Spacecraft, 
• Asteroid Bennu

Add on

• https://iassaheb.blogspot.com/2022/08/hayabusa-2-mission.html

DART Mission

• Asteroid Dimorphos
• NASA

Word

•  Vertical Take Off and Landing (VTOL)

PM PRANAM

•  PM Promotion of Alternate Nutrients for Agriculture Management Yojana 

Kushiyara river

• Distributary of Barak River
• Flows through Assam

Kushiyara Agreement

• India and Bangladesh

Hague Convention

To Protect Children and their families against the risks of illegal, irregular, premature adoptions abroad.

• India has signed the Hague Convention
• Only to children below the age of 16.

Swami Vivekananda

• Founder of the Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission
• January 12: National Youth Day

Books

• Raja Yoga
• Jnana Yoga
• Karma Yoga

Sonification Project

• NASA
• James Webb Space Telescope
• Carina Nebula

Sonification

• Non-speech audio to convey information or perceptualize data

Rice

• Temperature: 22-32 C
• Rainfall: 150-300  cm
• Soil: Deep clayey and loamy

Recent News

For Addition

• Fortified Rice
• System Of Rice intensification (SRI)

Among the following crops, which one is the most important anthropogenic source of both methane and nitrous oxide? 

(a) Cotton 

(b) Rice 

(c) Sugarcane

(d) Wheat

Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyan

Goal

• eliminating tuberculosis by 2025

Union Health Ministry

Scheme

• Support for 1-3 Years 

Reservation

Article Related to the Reservation for SC and ST

• Article 15(4) and 16(4); Reserve seats in Govt. Service 
• Article 16 (4B): Carry forward Seats
• Article 330 and 332: In Parliament and SLA
• Article 243D: Panchayat
• Article 233T: Municipality
• Article 335

Cases

Indra Sawhney v/s Union of India (1992)

• Creamy Layer
• < 50%

EWS Quota

• 103rd CA 2019
• 10% EWS Quota
• Article 15(6) and 16(6) added

Basic Structure:

• Kesavananda Bharti Judgment (1973): Doctrine of Basic Structure
• Shankari Prasad (1951)
• Golak Nath (1967)
• Minerva Mills (1980)

Section 124A IPC

Human Development Index 2021

India 

• Rank: 132/191
• Point: 0.633 lower than the world average of 0.732
• Category: Medium

 

Indicators

• Life expectancy at Birth (SDG 3)
• Expected Years of Schooling (SDG 4)
• Mean Years of Schooling ( SDG 4)
• Gross National Income (GNI)

Subhas Chandra Bose

• Born: 23rd January
• Book: The Indian Struggle
• Spiritual Guru: Swami Vivekananda
• Political Guru: C.R. Das
• 1919: Selected to be in Indian Civil Services, Resigned

Indian National Congress (INC)

• 1938: Haripura: President
• 1939: Tripuri: President, Resigned

Formed All India Forward Bloc within INC

World Water Week

• from August 24 till September 1
• Organised by Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI)
• Theme is- “Seeing the Unseen: The Value of Water”.

World Water Day

• March 22 
• Sustainable Development Goal 6: water and sanitation for all by 2030.
• Theme of 2022 “Groundwater: making the invisible visible.”
• The theme was decided by UN-water at its 30th meeting in Rome. It was proposed by the International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre (IGRAC).

Government Initiatives

• Catch the Rain campaign 2022
• Jal Andolan a Jan Andolan
• Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain’
• Atal Bhujal Yojana, a Central Sector Scheme
• National Water Mission
• Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation has instituted National Water Awards and “Water Heroes – Share your stories” 
• Har Khet Ko Pani (HKKP)
• Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT)

Hayabusa-2 mission

• was launched in December 2014
• Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency’s (JAXA) 
• To study the asteroid Ryugu
• Ryugu is also classified as potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs). and was discovered in 1999.
• The Hayabusa mission-1 brought samples from the asteroid Itokawa in 2010.

Asteroids

• Asteroids are rocky objects that orbit the Sun, much smaller than planets
• called minor planets

NASA

• NASA’s OSIRIS-REX mission collected samples from the asteroid Bennu in October 2020, which will be brought to Earth in 2023.

Source: The Indian Express

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)

• a permanent intergovernmental international organization. 
• It meets once every year 
• The Heads of State Council (HSC) is the highest decision-making body in the SCO
• The Secretariat in Beijing (China) and the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) in Tashkent(Uzbekistan).
• Russian and Chinese are the official working languages of the SCO.
• SCO Business Council’s Permanent Secretariat is headquartered in Moscow.

History

• Before creation of SCO in 2001,Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan were members of the Shanghai Five
• It was after the accession of Uzbekistan to the organization in 2001, the Shanghai Five was renamed the SCO.
• India and Pakistan became members in 2017.
• 17^th September, 2021, it was announced that Iran would become a full member of the SCO.

SCO full members

•  India, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

Drought

Drought is a rainfall-scarce period, affecting the availability of water for irrigation, drinking,etc 

They are classified into three types:

• METEOROLOGICAL drought is a prolonged dry spell in periods when rainfall is expected 
• HYDROLOGICAL drought is when scarcity of water begins to hit normal supplies in the system 
• AGRICULTURAL drought is when scarcity of water begins to affect the agricultural production

Source: The Indian Express

Number of women scientists goes up

 

Source: The Indian Express

Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)

• Statutory authority
• Under the Jurisdiction of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
• Aadhar Act 2016
• 12 digit 

National Investigation Agency (NIA)

• Central Agency
• It is empowered to deal with terror-related crimes across states w/o special permission from the states.
• NIA Act, 2008
• Works Under Ministry Of Home Affairs

Curzon

• Appointed Viceroy of India In 1899
• Partition Bengal 1905
• "We could lose all our dominions and still survive, but if we lost India, Our sun would sink its settings."

Reforms

• Universities Act of 1904: brought all the universities in India under the control of the government.
• The Agriculture Research Institute In Pusa(Bihar)
• Police Commission 1902: Chairman: Andew Frazer
• Northwest Frontier Province(NWFP)
• Imperial cadet Corps
• Ancient Monuments Act, 1904

PYQs

• 2014

Compassion towards the weaker section of society

• to suffer with another person.

Venkatesham Burra (IAS)

• Self-Help Groups: Aasara
• NGOs:  Ashraya

Prasanth Nair IAS

• Compassionate Kozhikode and Operation Sulimani 

Question

“Public service is recognized on the basis of tolerance and compassion towards the weaker section of the society.” Explain the values of tolerance and compassion in this context. (UPPSC 2019)

Source: The Indian Express

Essay

 “Compassion is sometimes the fatal capacity for feeling what it is like to live inside somebody else’s skin. It is the knowledge that there can never really be any peace and joy for me until there is peace and joy finally for you too.” 

                                                                                                      - Fredrick Buechner

SA8000 certificate

• By Social Accountability International
• social certifications for decent workplaces across all industrial sectors

Facts

• In 2007, Medak district administration became the first government agency in Asia to receive SA8000 certificate
• It was one of the world’s first auditable social certifications for decent workplaces across all industrial sectors

Reference:

• Social Accountability International

Police System

• Ideal Police System
• Numerous Tasks Of Police Stations: The Bureau of Police Research& Development (BPR&D): Identified 45 Tasks
• Time Bound Service Delivery: India Justice Report (IJR) 2020: Tata Trusts
• Modernisation of Police: The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA): 20000 Crore for the modernization of police (2017-2020)

Technology-driven service delivery

National Crime Records Bureau

Report: Crime in India 2019

• As per the report, 25,023 cases of assault on women, 11,966 rape cases, and 4,197 “dowry deaths” have been pending trial for five to 10 years.

Source: The Indian Express

Gabon: African country

Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)

Bilkis Bano gang rape case

**For the Exam

• Remission

Afghanistan

PYQs

Consider the following countries: 

1. Azerbaijan 

2. Kyrgyzstan 

3. Tajikistan 

4. Turkmenistan 

5. Uzbekistan 

Which of the above have borders with Afghanistan? [2022]

(a) 1, 2 and 5 only 

(b) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only 

(c) 3, 4 and 5 only 

(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

👉For Answer: Click Here

Khongjom Day: 23 March

• Paid Homage to the martyrs of 1891 War
• Anglo - Manipur War
• The Kingdom of Manipur and the British Empire

Paona Brajabasi

• A military officer

Facts Related to the 15 August and 26 January

Purna Swaraj

• Lahore Session
• 1929

January 26, 1930

• Choose the 1st Independence Day

December 29, 1929

• Hoisted the national flag 
• River Ravi
• Lahore

Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Plant: Ukraine

• Southern Ukraine
• Beside the Kakhovka reservoir on the Dnipro river
• Largest nuclear plant in Europe
• 10th Biggest in the world

**Under control of Russia

Italy

• Lake Garda: country’s largest lake
• lake shrinks

**Also in News

• Po River

World's Largest Floating Solar Plant

• Madhya Pradesh
• On Narmada
• Omkareshwar Dam
• 600 MW 

iDEX

 Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX)

• Launched in 2018
• innovation ecosystem for Defence

Funded and Managed by Defence Innovation Organisation (DIO)

 Defence Innovation Organisation (DIO)

• not-for-profit organisation
• formed under section 8 of the Companies Act 2013
• funded by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)

Objective

• indigenization
• innovation

Source

• The Indian Express

PESA Act

The Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act (PESA  Act), 1996

• Fifth Schedule Areas
• Except for these States: Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram
• Bhuria Committee recommendations

 Types of powers have been given to a Gram Sabha under PESA:

• Developmental
• Dispute resolution
• Ownership and management of natural resources

State governments are expected to amend their respective Panchayati Raj Acts without making any law that would be inconsistent with the mandate of PESA.

Source

• The Indian express

Henipavirus

• Visit

What is the Fifth Amendment? (USA)

• constitutional right against self-incrimination

In the context Of India:

• Article 20(3): right against self-incrimination.

**News 

Trump refuses to answer questions in NY deposition, invokes Fifth Amendment shield

Source:

• The Indian Express

Lumpy skin disease

• Cattle
• Vaccine: Lumpi-ProVacInd 
• Development: IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar (Bareilly) and -National Equine Research Center, Hisar (Haryana)

**News

12/08/2022

Corbevax vaccine

• To protect against COVID-19.
• Manufacturer: Biological E. Limited
• Vaccine type: Protein subunit
• Administration method: Intramuscular injection

Source:

•  who.int

Montenegro

Inflation

 Causes of the current Inflation

• Fiscal Deficit
• Current Account Deficit
• Interest Rate
• Monetary Policy
• Supply Side
• Tax Policy

Vocabulary

1. Cynicism: सनक
2. Abomination: घृणा
3. cumbersome: भारी-भरकम
4. clogged: भरा हुआ
5. ostensible:दिखावटी
6. indomitable: न बदनेवाला

Muga Silk

• GI Tag
• Assam
• Golden Silk
• GAMOCHA: The Pride Of  Assam
• National Handloom Day: 7 August

Flag Code of India 2022

 The Constituent Assembly of India adopted the National Flag on July 22, 1947.

For Essay

Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.

Taiwan

 Taiwan

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna Gramin

Nodal Ministry

• Union Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD)

Centre State Ratio

• The Centre and states share the expenditure in the ratio of 60:10.
• In the case of Himalayan states, Union Territories, and states in the North-East, the ratio is 90:10.