Dr. BR Ambedkar

Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar

Born: April 14, 1891

Died: December 6, 1956 (Dehli)

• Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly
• Article 32: Soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it

Events

1923: Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha

1930: Temple Entry Movement (Kalaram Temple, Nasik)

1930-32: Attended all the Round Table Conferences

1932: Poona Pact

1936: Independent Labour Party

1947: Law Minister

1951: Resigned

1956: Became a Buddhist (Nagpur)

1990: Bharat Ratna

1990-91: Year of Social Justice

Important Works 

• Mook Nayak (weekly-1920)
• Janta (Weekly-1930)
• The Annihilation of Caste 1936
• The Untouchables 1948
• Buddha or Karl Marx 1956

Book

• The Budhha and His Dhamma

“Man is mortal.  Everyone has to die some day or the other. But one must resolve to lay down one's life in enriching the noble ideals of self-respect and in bettering one's human life...  Nothing is more disgraceful for a brave man than to live life devoid of self-respect.” 

Buddhism

• Siddhartha, as the Buddha was named at birth.
• Sakya clan
• He was deeply anguished when he saw an old man, a sick man, and a corpse
• After this he came to be known as the Buddha or the Enlightened One

·    According to Buddhist philosophy, the world is transient (anicca) and constantly changing; it is also soulless (anatta) as there is nothing permanent or eternal in it. Within this transient world, sorrow (dukkha) is intrinsic to human existence

Buddha’s life –

• where he was born (Lumbini),
• where he attained enlightenment (Bodh Gaya),
• where he gave his first sermon (Sarnath) and
• where he attained Nibbana (Kusinagara)

The structure of the stupa

The stupa (a Sanskrit word meaning a heap) originated as a simple semi-circular mound of earth, later called Anda.

Books:

• The Vinaya Pitaka included rules and regulations for those who joined the sangha or monastic order;
•  the Buddha’s teachings were included in the Sutta Pitaka;
• the Abhidhamma Pitaka dealt with philosophical matters.

 Four Holy Relics of Lord Buddha are being taken to Mongolia

• Together, they are known as the ‘Kapilvastu Relics’ since they are from a site in Bihar believed to be the ancient city of Kapilvastu.

His relics from the funeral pyre were collected and divided into eight shares to be distributed among the

• Ajathsatrus of Magadha, 
• Licchavis of Vaishali, 
• Sakyas of Kapilavastu, 
• Mallas of Kushinagar, 
• Bullies of Allakappa,
• Mallas of Pava,
• Koliyas of Ramagrama  
• Brahmana of Vethadipa.

Source

1. https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/buddha-relics-mongolia-state-guest-importance-7966266/
2. NCERT