- 1600: Royal Charter: Elizabeth I
- 1608: Hawkin : Jahangir
- 1613: Jahangir : 1st Trading post at Surat
- Broach, Ahemdabad, Agra
- 1715: John Surman: Mughal emperor Farrukhsiyar : Farmans: valuable privilaeges in Bengal, Gujarat and Hyderabad.
1st Carnetic War (1740-48)
- duplex and Lawrence
- No result
2nd Carnetic War (1749-54)
- Treaty of Pondicherry (1754)
Battle of Plassey (1757)
- Robert Clive led the Company's army against the Siraj-udda-ulah at Plassey
- Company Won the Battle
- Reason for defeat: Mir Jafar was on EIC Side
- EIC 1st victory in the Indian Subcontinent
Battle of Wandhiwash (1760)
- British and French
- 3rd Carnatic war
- Eyre Coote and de Lally
- Treaty of Paris (1763)
- Part of Seven Years War
Battle of Buxar (1764)
Land Settlement Reforms
- Why??
- They needed a permanent source of income and reforms in the agriculture sector to improve its revenue
Permanent Settlement (1793)
- Cornwallis
- Sunset Law
- Rajas and taluqdars were recognised as zamindars
- Amount was fixed permanently
- Anyone who failed to pay the revenue losses his zamindari under the act
Mahalwari System (1822)
- Holt Mackenzie
- NWP of Bengal
- Mahal means Village
- Village headman was given the responsibility
- Amount was not fixed
Ryotwari System
- Thomas Munro
- Southern India
- Direct collection of Land Revenue
Jyotedar
- Rich class peasants consolidated their position in the villages.
- They controlled local trade as well as moneylending, exercising immense power over poorer cultivator of the region
- Called as Havaldars, Gantidars or Mandals
Annexation Policies
Doctrine of Lapse
- Dalhousie
- Satara (1848), Udaipur (1852) Jhansi and Nagpur (1854)
- Eight States
Subsidiary Alliance
- Wellesley
Policy of Ring Fence
- Warren Hastings
- Buffer zone
- The British were safeguarding their territories at the expense of their neighbouring ally states
