Buddhism

• Siddhartha, as the Buddha was named at birth.
• Sakya clan
• He was deeply anguished when he saw an old man, a sick man, and a corpse
• After this he came to be known as the Buddha or the Enlightened One

·    According to Buddhist philosophy, the world is transient (anicca) and constantly changing; it is also soulless (anatta) as there is nothing permanent or eternal in it. Within this transient world, sorrow (dukkha) is intrinsic to human existence

Buddha’s life –

• where he was born (Lumbini),
• where he attained enlightenment (Bodh Gaya),
• where he gave his first sermon (Sarnath) and
• where he attained Nibbana (Kusinagara)

The structure of the stupa

The stupa (a Sanskrit word meaning a heap) originated as a simple semi-circular mound of earth, later called Anda.

Books:

• The Vinaya Pitaka included rules and regulations for those who joined the sangha or monastic order;
•  the Buddha’s teachings were included in the Sutta Pitaka;
• the Abhidhamma Pitaka dealt with philosophical matters.

 Four Holy Relics of Lord Buddha are being taken to Mongolia

• Together, they are known as the ‘Kapilvastu Relics’ since they are from a site in Bihar believed to be the ancient city of Kapilvastu.

His relics from the funeral pyre were collected and divided into eight shares to be distributed among the

• Ajathsatrus of Magadha, 
• Licchavis of Vaishali, 
• Sakyas of Kapilavastu, 
• Mallas of Kushinagar, 
• Bullies of Allakappa,
• Mallas of Pava,
• Koliyas of Ramagrama  
• Brahmana of Vethadipa.

Source

1. https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/buddha-relics-mongolia-state-guest-importance-7966266/
2. NCERT